Lactoferrin is an 80 kDa iron-binding glycoprotein found in highest concentration in colostrum (7–14 mg/mL) and mature breast milk (1–2 mg/mL). It is also secreted by neutrophils during infection, making it a frontline immune molecule. Bovine lactoferrin (bLf), derived from cow's milk whey, shares 69% amino acid homology with human lactoferrin and is widely used in supplementation.

Meta-analyses confirm lactoferrin's superiority over standard iron salts for treating iron-deficiency anemia (better absorption, fewer GI side effects). Human trials show immune benefits including reduced upper respiratory infection duration and severity. A 2021 Italian RCT (Campione et al.) found lactoferrin supplementation significantly reduced COVID-19 severity and symptom duration.

How does lactoferrin differ from regular whey protein?

Whey protein provides amino acids for muscle synthesis; lactoferrin is a bioactive signaling protein. At therapeutic doses (100–300 mg), lactoferrin modulates immune cells and binds iron — functions that standard whey protein does not perform.

Should I take lactoferrin fasted or with food?