Senolytic compounds fall into four mechanistic classes: (1) BCL-2 family inhibitors (natural: fisetin, quercetin; synthetic: navitoclax, venetoclax), (2) Kinase inhibitors (dasatinib — src/ABL/EPHA2), (3) ROS-mediated (piperlongumine, EGCG), and (4) Protein-protein interaction disruptors (FOXO4-DRI peptide). Each class offers different potency, cell type specificity, safety, and accessibility.

When will synthetic senolytic drugs be available for aging?

Modified navitoclax variants (BCL-XL selective or platelet-sparing) are in early development. If Phase 1/2 trials succeed, a next-generation synthetic senolytic could reach Phase 3 within 5–7 years. FOXO4-DRI human trials have not yet begun.

Are natural senolytics "good enough" for most people?

For individuals under 60 with moderate senescent cell burden, natural senolytics (fisetin + quercetin monthly) likely provide most of the accessible benefit. Pharmaceutical senolytics offer additional potency particularly relevant for established disease and older individuals.